天一教育专升本怎么样:帮忙翻译一篇文章````

Folkways and customs of Japan
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Japan is famous for " state of ceremonies ", it is Japanese's custom to pay attention to the courtesy. People meet and always construct the gift of bowing each other at ordinary times, say " hello " , " good-bye ", " please assist me in any way you can ",etc..
Japanese met and extremely paid attention to exchanging business cards for the first time. Meet and does not take the business card for the first time, not only impoliteness but also the other side will think your good contacts . Each other at the business card of presenting, want , bow gift in advance, and both hands pass business card of answering. Behind receiving the other side's business card , should watch and read conscientiously , see the other side's identity , post , Company clearly, show that has already known the identity of the other side with the movements of nodding. Japanese think the business card is one's representatives, treat the business card just as treating them. Take over , behind the business card , watch , read , put pocket conveniently right away , consider as impoliteness. If you go to participate in a business negotiation , you must send the business card to everyone in the room , accept their business card , can't omit anyone , though this needs to spend much time, but a friendly and respected way that this shows each other.
Get Japan go , as a guest , want , with host designated time , enter door ring a doorbell name of circulating a notice first in advance on the others. If the house install doorbell , don't knock at door , sliding door to open door definitely, ask : "Excuse me, is there anyone inside? ",it enter it want behind door it undress raise one's hat voluntarily, solve muffler(but even hot in it when should pay attention toing, can't only wear undershirts or barefoot either, otherwise a impolite behavior), put on the spare slippers, and give the gift brought to the owner. When you sit in the room , it is the courteous behavior to carry and is facing toward the door and sit, only under the host's advice, can move it to the honourable position (mean the seat put in front of various alcoves of works of art and ornaments, prepare for honored guest specially). Japanese used to , let guest visit one's own house , don't propose request that see everywhere. Japan especially resents men and intrudes upon the kitchen. Going to toilet will request for agreement to host too. While having meal , if does not know the way to eat of a certain meal , should consult host, lose one's own chopsticks to use excessivly while inserting dishes. While saying good-bye to , want guests to propose first , and express thanks to the host. Get back to one's own residence to phone to tell the other side , say that has already returned safely, and thank you again. When run into the host after after a while , don't still forget to express the grateful feeling . When Japanese gave a banquet, the traditional way of toasting was that a bowl which is filled with the fresh water is put in the middle of the desk , and put a clean white gauze each person, in front of pouring the wine, the owner rinsed one's own wineglass among the fresh water first , cup mouth down at gauze according to,make drop of water unable to blot gauze, pour there aren't wine both handses all over and then. Guests do too after finishing drinking, in order to show the friendship and on intimate terms between the guests of honour.

No matter Japanese visit , kiss , ask friend or attend banquet take , take gift, the income that a family should cost 7.5% per month is used for giving a present. Get Japan others go , must pull gifts to as a guest. Japanese think give one present, than say one meaning that " thank " to be heavy much, because it expresses the grateful feeling by the practical action. Give a present to want to grasp " the sense of propriety of value " for Japanese, the gift is neither overweight, can't be too light either. If is overweight, he will think you ask favours of him, thus infer your commodities or services are not good; If is too light, will think you despise him. Go Japanese others make general visit , take some packaged food suitable, but don't present flowers , because some flowers were used when or do the funeral arrangements when being paid court to by people. Japanese stress the packaging to the gift , the gift takes several layers on the bag , tie one more beautiful ribbon or paper string .Japanese think , the soul of someone in the place of the knot, indicate , hand over thin pieces of wood used for writing on in ancient China people's sincerity. People to accept gift want , present a gift in return gift generally. Japanese do not open the gift in front of guest , this is mainly for avoiding making guests feel poverty-stricken because of discomfort of the gift . The gift that oneself can not use can be represented to others, Japanese do not mind to this. Japanese give a present without generally using the even number , this is because " four " in the even number , with the " die " unisonance in Japanese, in order to avoid being unlucky, a great deal of occasions do not all use " four ", as time passes, do not send even numbers such as two , four , six ,etc. off simply. They like giving the odd number , especially three , five , seven these three odd numbers . But " nine " want , avoid because " nine " and " bitter " to pronounce same among Japanese too.