和田2017年警察招聘:cost take spend pay 有什么区别

spend，cost，take和pay都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。

spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构：(1) spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2) spend time ／ money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。例：His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。

cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可以表示“值”， 常见用法如下：(1)sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋时间,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。

注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。

take后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种：(1) It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。(2)doing sth. takes sb. ＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。

pay的基本用法是：(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……。例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。例：Don?蒺t worry!I'll pay for you. 别担心， 我会给你付钱的。(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。 例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。（5）pay money back 还钱。例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。（6）pay off one's money还清钱。

cost take spend pay 都有花费的意思
但cost take的主语是物，spend pay的主语是人
句式;Something(It) cost somebody some money.
Something(It) take somebody some money/sometime to do something.
Somebody spend some money/sometime to do something.
Somebody pay for something.

前两个以物或事作主语
cost的主语必须是物，可以翻译为"值..."一般有it/名词 cost sb somemoney/sometime的句型，意为某物花了某人多少钱或时间但是cost后面如果使用人称代词的话要用宾格，而不是形容词性物主代词，这是很多人都犯的错误．例：It cost me ten
yuan.(or) the book cost me ten yuan.

take用于花费意思的时候只用于花费时间,一般是it作形式主语,后面带有一个to do 不定式的结构.常用句型为:It take sb some time to do sth.
例:It takes me ten hours to finish this work.

以下两个以人作主语
spend可加时间也可加金钱.有以下两个短语
sb spend ... on sth(名词或代词)
sb spend ... in doing sth.这里的in也可以省略,为sb spend... doing sth
例I spend ten yuan on this book.
She spent ten hours (in) finishing this work.

pay 一般和for 连用,意为为...支付...所以只可以用于花费金钱.一般句型为:sb pay somemoney for sth
例:I paid ten yuan for this book

有时这四种句型可以相互转换,答卷时要根据试卷上的空格数和主语还有结构来结合起来判断