合肥经开区临时工:谁有成语故事或寓言故事或有关这俩类的古诗.故事?

南柯一梦

　　隋末唐初的时候，有个叫淳于尊的人，家住在广陵。他家的院中有一棵根深叶茂的大槐树，盛夏之夜，月明星稀，树影婆娑，晚风习习，是一个乘凉的好地方。

　　淳于尊过生日的那天，亲友都来祝寿，他一时高兴，多喝了几杯。夜晚，亲友散尽，他一个人带着几分酒意坐在槐树下歇凉，不觉沉沉睡去。

　　梦中，他到了大槐安国，正赶上京城会试，他报名入场，三场结束，诗文写得十分顺手。发榜时，他高中了第一名。紧接着殿试，皇帝看淳于尊生得一表人才，举止大方，亲笔点为头名状元，并把公主许配给他为妻，状元公成了驸马郎，一时成了京城的美谈。

　　婚后，夫妻感情十分美满。淳于尊被皇帝派往南柯郡任太守，一呆就是20年。淳于尊在太守任内经常巡行各县，使属下各县的县令不敢胡作非为，很受当地百姓的称赞。皇帝几次想把淳于尊调回京城升迁，当地百姓听说淳于太守离任，纷纷拦住马头，进行挽留。淳于尊为百姓的爱戴所感动，只好留下来，并上表向皇帝说明情况。皇帝欣赏淳于尊的政绩，赏给他不少金银珠宝，以示奖励。

　　有一年，敌兵入侵，大槐安国的将军率军迎敌，几次都被敌兵打得溃不成军。败报传到京城，皇帝震惊，急忙召集文武群臣商议对策。大臣们听说前线军事屡屡失利，敌兵逼近京城，凶猛异常，一个个吓得面如土色，你看着我，我看着你，都束手无策。

　　皇帝看了大臣的样子，非常生气地说：“你们平日养尊处优，享尽荣华，朝中一旦有事，你们都成了没嘴的葫芦，胆小怯阵，一句话都不说，要你们何用？”

　　宰相立刻向皇帝推荐淳于尊。皇帝立即下令，让淳于尊统率全国精锐与敌军决战。

　　淳于尊接到圣旨，不敢耽搁，立即统兵出征。可怜他对兵法一无所知，与敌兵刚一接触，立刻一败涂地，手下兵马被杀得丢盔解甲，东逃西散，淳于尊差点被俘。皇帝震怒，把淳于尊撤掉职务，遣送回家。淳于尊气得大叫一声，从梦中惊醒，但见月上枝头，繁星闪烁。此时他才知道，所谓南柯郡，不过是槐树最南边的一枝树干而已。

　　不自量的公羊

　　一头公羊，长得膘肥体壮，一对又粗又长的椅角，高高地挺立，使它更增添了几分威武。

　　小白兔看见它，又蹦又跳。公羊只微微地斜了一下眼睛，懒得理睬这个小东西，心理想道：

　　“你蹦跳个啥劲儿，想巴结我吗？我才瞧不起你这个没有一丁点本领的小玩艺呢！”

　　小松鼠看见它，抬起两只前腿来，转动着两只机灵的大眼睛。公羊动也不动一下它那威武的脑袋，心里想道：

　　“我稀罕你来恭维吗；看你那没出息的样子，有一点儿风吹草动，就吓得丢了魂儿似的东逃西窜！”

　　公羊不论遇到什么，牛呀、鸡呀、狗呀……都能想出些挖苦的话来，数落它们一番，使自已痛快一阵，然后便觉得世界上唯一强大、唯一有本领的，只有它自己。

　　于是，它迈开步子，骄傲地仰着头，在田间小路上大摇大摆地踱起步来。

　　暖融融的阳光，把它的影子投在小路上，它看到地面上自己好看而雄壮的影子，尤其那两只犄角，那么雄纠纠气昂昂，越发感觉世界上的一切和它相比起来，都是那么渺小、那么脆弱。

　　不用说那坚硬的岩石，高大的树木。就是车轮上铁铸的辐条。在它这一双特角面前，也是不堪一击的。

　　它昂首阔步地走着、想着。看看周围，既没有岩石、树木、也没有车轮。公羊叹了一口气，自言自语道：

　　“这都是因为害怕我而远远地躲避了。”

　　公羊走着走着，在它的前面发现了一道竹子编的篱笆。它轻蔑地斜着眼睛看了看，心里说：

　　“小小篱笆有什么了不起，不费吹灰之力，就能把你碰翻！”

　　于是，它就弯下脖子，四蹄蹬直，憋足了劲，“呼”的一声，撞了上去。

　　事与愿违，篱笆纹丝未动，可是公羊的犄角碰伤了。那两只摇摇欲断的犄角，被紧紧地夹在篱笆缝里，进也进不去，出也出不来。

　　公羊低着脑袋，缩着脖子，连直溜溜的四条腿也疼得打弯儿了。

　　你听，它“咩咩”地叫唤呢，声音打着颤。叫得多可怜。

春秋时候，晋献公听信谗言，杀了太子申生，又派人捉拿申生的弟弟重耳。重耳闻讯，逃出了晋国，在外流忘十几年。

经过千幸万苦,重耳来到楚国。楚成王认为重耳日后必有大作为，就以国群之礼相迎，待他如上宾。
一天，楚王设宴招待重耳，两人饮洒叙话，气氛十分融洽。忽然楚王问重耳：“你若有一天回晋国当上国君，该怎么报答我呢？”重耳略一思索说：“美女待从、珍宝丝绸，大王您有的是，珍禽羽毛，象牙兽皮，更是楚地的盛产，晋国哪有什么珍奇物品献给大王呢？”楚王说：“公子过谦了。话虽然这么说，可总该对我有所表示吧？”重耳笑笑回答道：“要是托您的福。果真能回国当政的话，我愿与贵国友好。假如有一天，晋楚国之间发生战争，我一定命令军队先退避三舍（一舍等于三十里），如果还不能得到您的原谅，我再与您交战。”

四年后，重耳真的回到晋国当了国君，就是历史上有名的晋文公。晋国在他的治理下日益强大。

公元前633年，楚国和晋国的军队在作战时相遇。晋文公为了实现他许下的诺言，下令军队后退九十里，驻扎在城濮。楚军见晋军后退，以为对方害怕了，马上追击。晋军利用楚军骄傲轻敌的弱点，集中兵力，大破楚军，取得了城濮之战的胜利。

故事出自《左传·僖公二十二年》。成语“退避三舍”比喻不与人相争或主动让步。

Retreating about Thirty Miles as Condition For Peace

During the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 B.C.), Duke Xian of the State of Jin Killed the crown prince Sheng because he had heard slanders about Sheng and believed them. He also sent his men to arrest Chong Er, Shen Sheng and believed them. He also sent his men to arrest Chonh Er, Shen Sheng's brother. Hearing the news, Chong Er escaped from the state of Jin, remaining a fugitive for more than ten years.

After innumerable hardships, Chong Er arrived at the State of Chu at last. King Cheng of the State of Chu treated him with high respect as he would have treated the ruler of a state, believing that he would have a vright fuure.

One day, King Cheng of the State of Chu gave a banquet in honoudr of Chong Er. Suddenly, amid the harmonious atmosphere of drinking and talking, King Cheng of the State of Chu asked Chong Er. "How will you repay me when you return to the State of Jin and become its ruler one day?" After thinking for a moment, Chong Er said, "You have plenty of beauties and attendants as well as jewelry and silk cloth, and the state of Chu abounds in rare brides and animals. What treasure can the State of Jin boast having to present to your majesty?" King Cheng of the State of Chu said, "You are too modest. Nevertheless, you still have to show your gratitude to me in one way or another, I presume?" Smiling, Chong Er answered, "If I should be fortunate enouge to return to the State of Jin and become its ruler, the State of Jin would be friendly to the State of Chu. If, one day, there should be a war between the two states, I would definitely order my troops to retreat three SHE (one SHE is equivalent to thirty LI. The LI is a Chinese unit of length equivalent to 1/2 kilometre. And, therefore, three SHE is about thirty miles.) as a condition for peace. If, under that condition, you were still not reconciled, I would have to fight with you."

Four years later, as might be expected, Chong Er returned to the State of Jin and became its ruler. He was none other than Duke Wen of the State of Jin famous in ancient Chinese history. Ruled by him, the State of Jin became increasingly powerful.

In the year 533 B.C., the Chu troops and the Jin troops confronted each other in a battle. Faithful to his promise, Duke Wen of the State of Jin ordered his troops to retreat about thirty miles. After retreating, the Jin troops were stationed at Chengpu. Seeing that the Jin troops were retreating, the Chu troops thought that the enemy troops were afraid, and began chasing them. Taking advantage of the Chu troops' arrogance and their talking the Jin troops lightly, the Jin troops concentrated their forces and inflicted a crushing defeat on the Chu troops, thus winning the victory of the battle of Chengpu.

This set phrase, "retreating about thirty miles as a condition for peace," is derived from the Chapter "The Twenty-second Year of Duke Xi" in ZuoZhuan, the famous commentary by Zuo Qiuming on The spring and Autumn Annals. The idea of this set phrase is to give way to somebody in order to avoid a conflict.
(退避三舍 tuì bì sān shě)

我有啊,怎么给你,好长的撒