排球的基本技术有哪些:超难的啊!帮帮忙吧!

来源:百度文库 编辑:查人人中国名人网 时间:2024/05/09 07:12:23
药品特性简介
1、 药名
1.1药名:诺氟沙星胶囊
1.2含量:0.1g
1. 3性状:本品为圆柱型胶囊剂,内容物为白色至淡黄色粉末。
2、 定性及定量:
2.1定性的公布:供试品容液所显主斑点荧光和位置应与对照品主斑点相同。
2.2定量的公布:含诺氟沙星应为标示量的90.9%~110.0%
3、 性状:本品为圆柱型胶囊剂,内容物为白色至淡黄色粉末。
4、 各种临床特性
4.1适应症:适用于敏感菌所致的尿路感染、淋病、前列腺炎、肠道感染和伤寒及其他沙门菌感染。
4.2用法用量:口服 1.大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌及奇异变形菌所致的急性单纯性下尿路感染 一次400mg(4片),一日2次,疗程3日。2.其他病原菌所致的单纯性尿路感染,剂量同上,疗程7~10日。3.复杂性尿路感染,剂量同上,疗程10~21日。4.单纯性淋球菌性尿道炎,单次800~1200mg(8~12片)。5.急性及慢性前列腺炎,一次400mg(4片),一日2次,疗程28日。6.肠道感染,一次300~400mg(3~4片),一日2次,疗程5~7日。7.伤寒沙门菌感染,一日800~1200mg(8~12片),分2~3次服用,疗程14~21日。
4.3禁忌:对本品及氟喹诺酮类药过敏的患者禁用。
4.4注意事项:(1).本品宜空腹服用,并同时饮水250ml。(2).由于目前大肠埃希菌对诺氟沙星耐药者多见,应在给药前留取尿标本培养,参考细菌药敏结果调整用药。(3).本品大剂量应用或尿pH值在7以上时可发生结晶尿。为避免结晶尿的发生,宜多饮水,保持24小时排尿量在1200ml以上。(4).肾功能减退者,需根据肾功能调整给药剂量。(5).应用氟喹诺酮类药物可发生中、重度光敏反应。应用本品时应避免过度暴露于阳光,如发生光敏反应需停药。(6).葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏患者服用本品,极个别可能发生溶血反应。(7).喹诺酮类包括本品可致重症肌无力症状加重,呼吸肌无力而危及生命。重症肌无力患者应用喹诺酮类包括本品应特别谨慎。(8).肝功能减退时,如属重度(肝硬化腹水)可减少药物清除,血药浓度增高,肝、肾功能均减退者尤为明显,均需权衡利弊后应用,并调整剂量。(9).原有中枢神经系统疾病患者,例如癫痫及癫痫病史者均应避免应用,有指征时需仔细权衡利弊后应用。
4.5药物相互作用:(1).尿碱化剂可减少本品在尿中的溶解度,导致结晶尿和肾毒性。(2).本品与茶碱类合用时可能由于与细胞色素P450结合部位的竞争性抑制,导致茶碱类的肝清除明显减少,血消除半衰期(t1/2?)延长,血药浓度升高,出现茶碱中毒症状,如恶心、呕吐、震颤、不安、激动、抽搐、心悸等,故合用时应测定茶碱类血药浓度和调整剂量。(3).环孢素与本品合用,可使前者的血药浓度升高,必须监测环孢素血浓度,并调整剂量。(4).本品与抗凝药华法林同用时可增强后者的抗凝作用,合用时应严密监测患者的凝血酶原时间。(5).丙磺舒可减少本品自肾小管分泌约50%,合用时可因本品血浓度增高而产生毒性。(6).本品与呋喃妥因有拮抗作用,不推荐联合应用。(7).多种维生素,或其他含铁、锌离子的制剂及含铝或镁的制酸药可减少本品的吸收,建议避免合用,不能避免时在本品服药前2小时,或服药后6小时服用。(8).去羟肌苷(didanosine,DDI)可减少本品的口服吸收,因其制剂中含铝及镁,可与氟喹诺酮类螯合,故不宜合用。(9).本品干扰咖啡因的代谢,从而导致咖啡因清除减少,血消除半衰期(t1/2?)延长,并可能产生中枢神经系统毒性。
翻译成英语!

The drugs characteristic introduces
1, the dilantin
1.1 dilantins: Promise fluorine sand star capsule
1.2 content: 0.1g
1. 3 characters: This is the column gelatine capsule, the contents is the white to the faint yellow powder.
2nd, qualitative and quota:
2.1 qualitative announcements: For tries to allow the fluid to reveal the host spot fluorescence and the position should and the comparison main spot is same.
2.2 quota announcements: Including the promise fluorine sand star should for the indication quantity 90.9%~110.0%
3, the character: This is the column gelatine capsule, the contents is the white to the faint yellow powder.
4th, each clinical characteristic
4.1 indications: Is suitable in the sensitized bacteria result urine road infection, gonorrhea, prostatitis, the intestinal tract infection and typhus and other monk fungus infection.
4.2 usage amounts used: Takes orally 1. large intestine Egypt to hope the fungus, pneumonia gram Reber fungus and under the strange mycetozoan result acute retinitis simplex the urine road infects time 400mg (4 pieces), on first 2 times, treatment course on 3rd. 2. other disease germ result retinitis simplex urine road infection, dosage same, treatment course on 7~10th. 3. complex urine road infection, dosage same, treatment course on 10~21st. 4. retinitis simplex gonococcus urethritises, single 800~1200mg (8~12 pieces). 5. acute and chronic prostatitis, 400mg (4 pieces), on first 2 times, treatment course on 28th. 6. intestinal tracts infect, 300~400mg (3~4 pieces), on first 2 times, treatment course on 5~7th. 7. typhus monk fungus infection, on first 800~1200mg (8~12 pieces), divide 2~3 times to take, treatment course on 14~21st.
4.3 taboos: Is forbid to this and the fluorine kui promise ketones medicine allergy patient.
4.4 matters needing attention: (1). this takes on an empty stomach suitably, and simultaneously potable water 250ml. Because (2). present large intestine Egypt hopes the fungus to promise fluorine Sha Xingnai the medicine to see, should in give in front of the medicine to remain takes the urine specimen raise, the reference bacterium medicine sensitive result adjustment medication. The (3). this large dose application or urinates the pH value when 7 may have the crystallization urine. In order to avoid crystallizing the urine the occurrence, the suitable multi-potable waters, maintain 24 hour urination quantities above 1200ml. The (4). kidney function decrease, must give the medicament quantity according to the kidney function adjustment. (5). may have, the specific weight photosensitized reaction using the fluorine kui promise ketones medicine. Using this when should avoid exposing excessively in the sunlight, if has the photosensitized reaction to have to stop the medicine. The (6). glucose - 6- phosphoric acid dehydrogenase lacks the patient to take this, extremely individual possibly has the hematolysis response. The (7). kui promise ketones including this may send the critically ill myasthenia symptom to aggravate, the breath myasthenia endangers life. The critically ill myasthenia patient applies kui the promise ketones including this to be supposed to be specially discrete. When (8). liver function decrease, like is the specific weight (liver cirrhosis ascites) to be possible to reduce the medicine to eliminate, the blood medicine density advances, the liver, the kidney function decrease especially is obvious, after must weigh the advantages and disadvantages applies, and adjusts the dosage. The (9). original central nervous system disease patient, for example epilepsy and epilepsy medical history should avoid applying, after has refers drafts time must weigh the advantages and disadvantages carefully applies.
4.5 medicines affect mutually: The (1). urine basifier may reduce this in the urine solubility, causes the crystal urine and the kidney toxicity. (2). this and the theine class comes in handy when possible as a result of with cytochrome P450 union spot competitive inhibition, causes the theine class liver to eliminate reduces obviously, the blood elimination half-life lengthens, the blood medicine density ascension, has the theine poison symptom, like disgusting, the vomit, trembles, restlessly, excited, twitches, the palpitation and so on, when comes in handy should determine the theine class blood medicine density and the adjustment dosage. The (3). link spore element with this comes in handy, may cause the former the blood medicine density ascension, must monitor the link spore element blood density, and adjusts the dosage. (4). this and antifreeze medicine Hua Falin with with when may strengthen the latter the antifreeze function, comes in handy when should monitor patient's zymoplasm original time strictly. The (5). third sulphur extends may reduce this from the tubulus renalis secretion approximately 50%, comes in handy when because may this blood density advance has the toxicity. Because (6). this with fu nan ready has oppresses the anti-function, does not recommend the union application. The (7). multivitamins, or other including hard, the zinc ion preparation and may reduce this absorption including the aluminum or the magnesium system sour medicine, suggested avoids coming in handy, cannot avoid when in this takes medicine previous 2 hours, or takes medicine the latter 6 hours to take. (8). goes to the hydroxy myo- glucoside to be possible to reduce this oral administration absorption, because in its preparation including the aluminum and the magnesium, may gather with the fluorine kui promise ketones chela, therefore comes in handy not suitably. (9). this disturbance caffeine metabolism, thus causes the caffeine elimination to reduce, the blood elimination half-life lengthens, possibly and has the central nervous system toxicity.