新闻中心部门介绍:哪位帮忙翻译一下啊

来源:百度文库 编辑:查人人中国名人网 时间:2024/05/04 14:51:44
二、目光注视
在人际交往过程中,与交往对象保持目光接触是十分必要的。近代西班牙哲学奥塔加在《人与众人》一书中说:“每一次注释都说出了注视者的心路历程。”中国古代成语有“画龙点睛”之说,人类男女之间有眉目传情之举。从莎士比亚的“仿佛他眼睛里锁藏着整个灵魂”,到音乐摇滚的“不要说,你的眼睛已经告诉了我”,都说明目光注视在人际交往中的重要功能。“眼睛是透露人的内心世界的最有效的途径,人的一切情绪、情感、和态度的变化,都可从眼睛里显示出来。
几乎所有的人与人之间的活动能够和感情交流都依靠过眼光,某些文化所特有传播实践也体现在目光接触的运用之中。两个阿拉伯人在一起交流时会用非常热情的目光凝视对方,因为他们认为双目是个人存在的钥匙。如果从美国文化角度来看,这种目光是不适用于两个男人之间的,这种长时间凝视常常是同性恋的亚文化群使用的非语言代码的一部分。有教养的英国男子认为直接凝视与之交往的人的眼睛是一种绅士风度,而瑞典人在交谈中用目光相互打量的次数多于英国人。法国人则特别欣赏一种鉴赏似的注视,这种眼光看人是就传达了一种非语言信号:虽然我不认识你,但我从内心底欣赏你的美,所以法国男子在公共场合对妇女士的凝视是人们公认的一种文化准则。日本人与人交谈时的目光一般落在对方的颈部,而对方的脸部和双眼要在自己眼帘的外缘,他们认为眼对眼是一种失礼的行为。中国人则对紧盯着自己看的目光感到不自在,甚至惶惑不安,原因是“羞耻感"文化的影响,“非礼勿视”。而在西方这个世界文化的大熔炉里,人人都锻炼得眼界开阔喜欢大大方方地表白自己,敢于毫不遮掩地宣泄情感,她们往往会因为异性受到自己的吸引力而感到受宠,但不若惊。目光的礼节、各种凝视行为及目光在交际中的功能反映出不同的文化背景及不同的民族文化心理,其含义复杂,规定繁多,需要我们认真观察,仔细比较,从而促进各民族间文化的交流与融合。
三、身体接触
正像语言和姿势可以传递人们的情感信息一样,身体与他人的接触在交际中也无时无刻不在传递信息。婴儿在母亲怀里被摇着拍着,等到爱抚后不仅能保持心理平静,还能刺激协调运动器官——小脑,促使其发育,国外学者称之为接触教育(touch education)。人类学家把文化大致分为两大类:接触文化(touch culture)与非接触文化(nontouch culture),阿拉伯人,南欧和西欧人、犹太人及拉丁语系的人属于第一类,美国人、北欧人及东方人属于第二类。从孩提时代到成人期,不同的文化交给我们不同的接触方式,哪些部位该接触,哪些不该接触。这里着重谈谈被当作一种社会习惯来进行的利益方面的身体接触中的不同文化内涵。

佛是buddha....OK?
锻炼:practise...
看来不是你自己翻译的,这么easy的单词..

Two, the vision eye
In human relations associate process, keep with the partner the vision contact is very necessary.The modern Spanish philosophy 奥 tower impose 《 person with public 》 say in one book:" Every annotations spoke to eye heart road process." The Chinese ancient idiom"s put life into" it say, of mankind's men and women casts glances of love it raise.From the Shakespeare's" imitate the 佛 his eye to hide the whole soul in the lock", arrive" do not say, the your eye has already told me" of music rock'n roll, all explain that the vision eye in human relations associate of important function." The eye is the most valid path in heart world that reveals the person, the person's all the varieties of the motion, emotion, and attitude, can from the eye in the manifestation come out.
Almost the all people and activity between persons can depend on to take a glance the light with the affection exchanges all, some culture especially have the dissemination fulfillment also contiguous usage of vision of now of body in.Will stare at the other party with the very hot liver vision when two Arabs communicate together, because they think that a pair of eyes are personal existent keys.If see from the American cultural angle, this kind of vision is unwell to used for,between two men this kind of usually stare at with long hours is the non- language code of second culturals usage that same sex love of a part.The cultivated British man think stare at the person's eye that associates with it directly is a kind of gentleman poise, but the Swede is in the confabulation precious sight more British of number of times who conjecture mutually of convenient vision.The Frenchman then enjoys specially a kind of appreciate eye, this kind of taste see person is inform a kind of not language signal:Although I am incognizant you, I enjoy from the heart bottom your beautiful, so French man at it is a cultural standard that public situation stare at to women's private.The Japanese falls the neck in the other party with the vision of the hour of confabulation of person generally, but a department and an eyes of the other party want the exterior in oneself's eyelid, they think the eye is a kind of offense against good manners to the eye.The Chinese are uneasiness with tightly stare at the vision that oneself see then, even confused and uneasy, the reason is the influence of" shame feeling" culture," sexually harass to see not".But in the big melting pot of the culture of this world of west, everyone all the 锻炼 gets the range of experience spacious like the white oneself of consumedly square and square earth's surface, presume to cover up the ground to drain the emotion nowise, they usually will feel receive great favors because the opposite sex is subjected to own attraction, but not if surprised.The etiquette of the vision, various stare at the behavior and visions at the function in the social intercourse reflects a dissimilarity of cultural background and the different race cultural mental state, its meaning complications, the provision is numerous, needing our earnest observation, careful comparison, thus promote each race the exchanges and the fusion of the culture.
Three, the body contact
Just be like the language similar to posture can deliver the people's emotion information, the contact of the body and others is in the social intercourse also all the time not at deliver the information.The infant is shake in mother's bosom to clap, not only can keep the mental state equanimity, but also can stimulate to moderate the locomotive organs- cerebellum after waiting until the caress, urge it develop, the foreign scholar calls it as that the contact educate( the touch education).The anthropologist make the culture is divided into the two major type mostly:Get in touch with the culture( the touch culture) with get in touch with the culture( the nontouch culture) not, Arab, south Europe and Western Europe person, Jew and the person of the Latin departments belongs to Category 1, the American, the person in the North Europe and oriental belongs to Category 2.The ages arrives from the early childhood the person expect, the different culture hands over to us the different contact method, which parts should get in touch with, which shouldn't get in touch with.Emphasize to discuss to be regard as here a kind of different cultural content within the body of benefits contact that society carries on habitually.

the vision eye
In human relations associate process, keep with the partner the vision contact is very necessary.The modern Spanish philosophy 奥 tower impose 《 person with public 》 say in one book:" Every annotations spoke to eye heart road process." The Chinese ancient idiom"s put life into" it say, of mankind's men and women casts glances of love it raise.From the Shakespeare's" imitate the 佛 his eye to hide the whole soul in the lock", arrive" do not say, the your eye has already told me" of music rock'n roll, all explain that the vision eye in human relations associate of important function." The eye is the most valid path in heart world that reveals the person, the person's all the varieties of the motion, emotion, and attitude, can from the eye in the manifestation come out.
Almost the all people and activity between persons can depend on to take a glance the light with the affection exchanges all, some culture especially have the dissemination fulfillment also contiguous usage of vision of now of body in.Will stare at the other party with the very hot liver vision when two Arabs communicate together, because they think that a pair of eyes are personal existent keys.If see from the American cultural angle, this kind of vision is unwell to used for,between two men this kind of usually stare at with long hours is the non- language code of second culturals usage that same sex love of a part.The cultivated British man think stare at the person's eye that associates with it directly is a kind of gentleman poise, but the Swede is in the confabulation precious sight more British of number of times who conjecture mutually of convenient vision.The Frenchman then enjoys specially a kind of appreciate eye, this kind of taste see person is inform a kind of not language signal:Although I am incognizant you, I enjoy from the heart bottom your beautiful, so French man at it is a cultural standard that public situation stare at to women's private.The Japanese falls the neck in the other party with the vision of the hour of confabulation of person generally, but a department and an eyes of the other party want the exterior in oneself's eyelid, they think the eye is a kind of offense against good manners to the eye.The Chinese are uneasiness with tightly stare at the vision that oneself see then, even confused and uneasy, the reason is the influence of" shame feeling" culture," sexually harass to see not".But in the big melting pot of the culture of this world of west, everyone all the 锻炼 gets the range of experience spacious like the white oneself of consumedly square and square earth's surface, presume to cover up the ground to drain the emotion nowise, they usually will feel receive great favors because the opposite sex is subjected to own attraction, but not if surprised.The etiquette of the vision, various stare at the behavior and visions at the function in the social intercourse reflects a dissimilarity of cultural background and the different race cultural mental state, its meaning complications, the provision is numerous, needing our earnest observation, careful comparison, thus promote each race the exchanges and the fusion of the culture.
Three, the body contact
Just be like the language similar to posture can deliver the people's emotion information, the contact of the body and others is in the social intercourse also all the time not at deliver the information.The infant is shake in mother's bosom to clap, not only can keep the mental state equanimity, but also can stimulate to moderate the locomotive organs- cerebellum after waiting until the caress, urge it develop, the foreign scholar calls it as that the contact educate( the touch education).The anthropologist make the culture is divided into the two major type mostly:Get in touch with the culture( the touch culture) with get in touch with the culture( the nontouch culture) not, Arab, south Europe and Western Europe person, Jew and the person of the Latin departments belongs to Category 1, the American, the person in the North Europe and oriental belongs to Category 2.The ages arrives from the early childhood the person expect, the different culture hands over to us the different contact method, which parts should get in touch with, which shouldn't get in touch with.Emphasize to discuss to be regard as here a kind of different cultural content within the body of benefits contact that society carries on habitually.