广西大学研究生好考吗:请求翻译一段中文(历史)急~~追加分!!

来源:百度文库 编辑:查人人中国名人网 时间:2024/05/07 05:45:42
公元842年,吐蕃王朝因王室内讧和部族之间、将领之间的混战而分裂瓦解,出现众多互不统属的地方势力。它们各占一方,互相征伐,战争连绵持续了400余年。13世纪初,蒙古族领袖成吉思汗在中国北部建立蒙古汗国。1247年,萨迦派高僧班智达·贡嘎坚赞同蒙古汗国皇子阔端在凉州(今甘肃武威)议定了西藏诸部归顺蒙古汗国和接受所规定的地方行政制度的内容;萨迦地方政权建立。1271年,蒙古汗政权定国号为元,并于1279年统一全中国,建立了统一的中央政权,西藏成为中国元朝中央政府直接治理下的一个行政区域。1260年,元朝皇帝忽必烈(1215-1294年)即蒙古汗王位后,封贡嘎坚赞的侄子、萨迦派法王八思巴为国师。1264年,忽必烈设释教总制院,命八思巴以国师身份兼领院事。在总制院(后改宣政院)下,设有“宣慰使司都元帅府”,负责处理和管辖现今西藏大部分地区的军政事务。宣慰使司下面辖有管理民政的万户府、千户所。1265年,忽必烈封八思巴为大宝法王、帝师,并通过八思巴举荐,任命了总管西藏事务的行政长官和13个万户府的万户长。1268年、1287年和1334年,元朝中央曾三次派官员在西藏清查户口,还在西藏地区设立了15个驿站,联成通往大都(今北京)的交通线,推行并确立了西藏地方的“乌拉”(意为徭役、差役)制度。历代中央政府对西藏的管辖自13世纪中叶西藏地区正式归入元朝版图后,中国虽然经历了几代王朝的兴替,多次更换中央政权,但西藏一直处于中央政府的管辖之下。14世纪中叶,萨迦地方政权逐渐衰落."

不要用机械翻译!! 希望译者尽可能地准确翻译出来,很重要!谢谢~

A.D. 842 years, from ancient name for Tibet Dynasty royal civil strife and tribal, between generals divided up between the nation, there are many local forces do not reunification. They each side, each go on a punitive expedition, the war lasted more than 400 years running. In the early 13th century, Genghis Khan Mongolian leaders in the establishment of the Mongolian Empire in northern China. 1247, the Sagya high Banzhida Gonggar Caine endorsed wide-Prince in Tibet Mongolia Empire (today Gansu s) agreed to accept Tibet Zhubu center Mongolian Empire and under the local administration system; Sagya local power establishment. 1271, the Mongolian Khan of the Yuan Dingguo regime and unified the whole of China in 1279 to establish a unified central government, Tibet has become China's Yuan dynasty under the direct management of an administrative region. 1260, Yuan dynasty emperor Khan (1215-1294), Mongolia Khan throne, letters Gonggar year history nephew, Sagya king Basaiba for National Division. 1264, the 12th overall system hospital-based, life Basaiba to National Division status handler center. In the total system center (later changed Xuanzheng center), a "salute to Marshal's Division," dealing with the jurisdiction and the current military and political affairs in most parts of Tibet. Show that the Home Secretary is presiding over the management of the 10,000 households House, the thousand households. 1265, 12th letters to the Po Basiba told, the West division, and through Basaiba recommend the appointment of a Chief Executive Officer and Tibetan Affairs 13 million at the 10,000 heads of household. 1268, 1287 and 1334, Yuan dynasty Central had sent three officials in Tibet inventory accounts, Tibet also established 15 station, a gateway to the mostly (today Beijing), lines of communication, promote and establish Tibet "Ula" (Italian for the corvee, runner) system. Successive central to the jurisdiction of Tibet Tibet since the mid-13th century Yuan dynasty officially classified territory, although China has experienced several generations of the rise and fall of a country dynasty, the central government has repeatedly replacement, but Tibet has been under the jurisdiction of the central government. Mid-14th century, Sagya local regime gradually decline. "

信息量比较大,别看一小段,需要查的资料可不少,自己查英文版的西藏历史吧~~~~