减肥正确路径:英语翻译高手请进!

来源:百度文库 编辑:查人人中国名人网 时间:2024/05/11 03:20:10
注:这是关于计算机辅助教学的!请翻译下面文字,谢谢!

二、虽然cai有着许多突出的特点, 但在教育实践中证明是有效的。但是作为新生事物必然存在不足和缺陷,如cai教学系统一次性投入大,费用高,而且cai技术要求高。因此限制了许多有经验的学科教师亲自编制课件。cai课件的制作远没能达到传统教学过程中备课这么方便自由。但是考虑仔细一下,不难发现:老师很难把过多的精力投入到开发软件上,如果老师把大量的时间和精力都投入到软件开发上,就不能将主要精力放在如何利用计算机技术组织教学上来,甚至不能将主要精力放在教学研究上来。从而出现了计算机辅助教学只在这种公开课、观摩课来进行教学,装点一下门面的这类情况。
其实,我们认为教师最主要的任务不在于开发软件,而是如何应用现有的软件把计算机的优势发挥出来。需要指出的是这里所说的“软件”并不是指一个具体的课件,而应是面向学科的工具型软件,包括带有学科特色的平台和多媒体资料库。实际上,近几年来国内出现了一批有教学应用价值的软件。只要教师能基本掌握使用计算机的能力,稍加培训就能够自如的运用它们来按自己的意愿制作小软件,紧密配合自己的教学过程,实现计算机辅助教学,现在有一个用于几何教学的平台叫作“几何画板”它适合用于平面几何、解析几何、射影几何等教学中使用,同时也能用于物理教学中的力学、几何光学与数学模型、几何图像结合密切的部分课程。而且界面简单、容易学习、直观好用,因此这样的软件很受老师的欢迎。另外一个比较重要的原因就是一些老师把计算机辅助教学的作用看的过高,没有根据教学要求来进行课件设计。制作出来的课件有原来的“满堂灌”变成了现在的“电子灌”,因此在设计课件时,不仅要注意软件的设计技巧,更要注意学习理论和教学设计方法的运用,这才有助于提高cai课件的质量。

三、寻求计算机辅助教学软件开发和应用的新路子——积件思路 不同的软件是有不同的功能特点和用途的,世界上不存在一种适应各种条件的万能软件。随着计算机软件技术的高速发展,使全世界几乎所有的主流软件都向资源库、平台化、人性化方向发展,显然教育软件也应该走世界软件发展的共同方向。因此,运用积件思想,走素材资源库和制作平台相结合的新思路,是使音乐软件开发和应用走出目前困境的有效途径。 积件是一种思想,它是一种关于cai发展的系统思路,是针对课件的局限性而发展起来的一种新的教学软件开发和应用模式。积件提出者认为,积件由积件库和积件平台组成。积件库是教学资料和表达方式的集合,包括五个部分:⑴多媒体教学资料库;⑵微教学单元库;⑶虚拟积件资源库;⑷资料呈现方式库;⑸教学策略库。积件组合平台则是供教师和学生使用组合积件库并最终用于教学的软件环境。 积件的过程,对课堂教学来说,就是教师根据教学的实际需求,面对不同的教学对象,针对某一教学阶段和教学目标,充分利用教学素材,结合教学策略,制作出千变万化的有效课件。

2, although there are many outstanding features cai, but in practice proved to be effective in education. As a new thing but inevitable shortcomings and errors, such as one-time input of large cai teaching system, the high cost and technical requirements of high-cai. So many restrictions personally experienced teachers to prepare materials disciplines. CAI courseware far failed to achieve the production of traditional teaching, lesson preparation process so convenient freedom. But consider carefully whether it is easy to find : it is difficult to put too much effort teachers put into the development of software, if the teachers have a lot of time and energy invested by the software development, there can concentrate their energies on how to use computer technology organizations teaching possible, or even focus on teaching and research possible. Thus only a computer-aided teaching in the open classes, classes to observe teaching about face such accusations. In fact, we believe that the most important task of teachers is not software development, but how to use existing software to computer advantages to the fullest. What needs to be pointed out here is that the "software" does not mean a specific class, but should be geared to the disciplines of software tools, including a unique platform and multimedia disciplines database. Indeed, in recent years the emergence of a number of teaching applications internally value software. As long as teachers can master the basic use of computer capacity, little training can use them to move at its own will produce small software in close cooperation with their teaching process, the realization of computer-aided teaching, and now has a platform called for geometric teaching "geometric drawing," it suitable for plane geometry, analytic geometry, Sheyingjihe use of teaching, but also to be used for the teaching of physical mechanics, geometric optics and mathematical models, geometric images with close some of the courses. And interface simple and easy to learn, and visual user, the software received such teachers welcome. Another more important reason is that some teachers to look at the role of computer-assisted teaching excessive, unfounded teaching requirements for teaching design. The program is produced by the original "Mantangguan" into the present "e-fed" and therefore in the design of teaching, not only to pay attention to software design skills, more attention should be paid to the design of learning theories and teaching methods used, which helped to improve the quality CAI courseware.

3, the development and application software for computer-aided teaching new ways -- from different pieces of software have different functional characteristics and uses of the world does not exist an adaptation to the conditions of Almighty software. With the rapid development of computer software technology, the world has been to almost all mainstream software resource base, platform, and humanization direction, apparently educational software should follow common direction in the world of software development. Therefore, the use of accumulated cases of thinking, taking material resource base and production platform combining new ideas, is to make music out of the current predicament of software development and application of effective channels. The disc is an ideological, it is a system of ideas on the development of cai is developed and the limitations on using a new teaching model of software development and application. The pieces of paper that the Chik Chik pieces of the platform and plot pieces. The pieces of information and expression of the teaching of the assembly, including five parts : 1 multimedia teaching database;
2 micro modules base;
3 virtual store of resource base;
⑷ information showing the way;
5. The teaching strategies arsenal. The platform is a combination of teachers and students for use combinations from the pieces and eventually for teaching software environment. The pieces of the process, classroom teaching, the teaching is based on the actual needs of teachers, teaching face different targets against a teaching phase and teaching objectives, and make full use of teaching materials, teaching strategies combined with the production of a variety of effective teaching.